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Winter-Spring 2004, Volume 24, No. 1
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| Foreword |
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Domestic Perspectives |
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Intelligence for the Homeland |
by Bruce Berkowitz |
Two years after the September 11 attacks on America, a significant gap remains in our defenses against terrorists and other forms of foreign attack. The problem is that we still lack adequate homeland intelligence. |
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by Kate Martin |
There have been recent calls to substitute the "intelligence paradigm" for a "law enforcement paradigm" in domestic counterterrorism efforts. While better information and analysis is needed to fight terrorism, there is reason to fear that transforming domestic counterterrorism primarily into an intelligence matter is unlikely to appreciably increase security, but will seriously threaten civil liberties. |
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It its Time to Transform, Not Reform U.S. Intelligence |
by Deborah Barger |
Many would argue that intelligence reform efforts have resulted in more regulation and bureaucracy and little, if any, improvement in intelligence performance. To address the challenges that the United States will face in the future, it needs to look forward to transforming intelligence, not backwards at reforming it. |
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Terrorism, Intelligence, and Organized Crime |
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Untangling the Terror Web: Identifying and Counteracting the Phenomenon of Crossover Between Terrorist Groups |
by Matthew Levitt |
The war on terror will be most effective if it has a strategic focus on the full matrix of international terrorism rather than a tactical focus on al Qaeda. Prosecuting the war on terror, whether on the battlefield or in the courtroom, demands greater attention to the web of interaction among these various groups and state sponsors. |
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Transnational Terror and Organized Crime: Blurring the Lines |
by Thomas M. Sanderson |
To circumvent the constricting impediments to financing terrorism, transnational terrorist organizatinos are moving deeper into organized criminal activity. As terror groups transform into hybrid criminal/terror entities and partner with criminal syndicates, the threat to the United States and other nations rises in complexity, demanding a highly flexible, tailored response. |
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Photo Essay |
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"Mindanao on the Mend": Conflict and reconciliation in the Southern Philippines |
by Ryan Anson |
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Global Intelligence and Foreign Liaisons |
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Intelligence Transformation and Intelligence Liaison |
by Michael Warner |
Liaison relationships were crucial to the constuction of a more modern American intelligence system during and just after World War II. Charting these influences demonstrates how liaison contacts affect a developing intelligence structure, and suggests that the quality of contacts with foreign intelligence services affects not only the direction, but also the pace of intelligence modernization. |
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Interstate and Intrastate Dynamics in Southeast Asia's War on Terror |
by See Seng Tan and Kumar Ramakrishna |
Recent studies highlight the relative dearth of counterterrorism cooperation between member nations of the Association of Southeast Nations (ASEAN). Acknowledging that more can and should be done by Southeast Asian governments in interdicting terrorism, the authors argue that collaboration between and among security and intelligence services of ASEAN and partner countries in the war on terror has been fairly effective. |
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Mexican Intelligence at a Crossroad |
by Christopher Leroy |
The presidential election victory of Vicente Fox in July 2000 ushered in hope for the reform of Mexico's intelligence community. The slow pace of reform since then leaves much to be questioned. An examination of the Center of Intelligence and National Security as well as other underlying problems afflicting the wider intelligence community in Mexico reveals the challenges and pitfalls that confronted early reform attempts by the Fox administration. |
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New Ways to Look at Old Threats |
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Bioterrorism as a Foreign Policy Issue |
by Marc L. Ostfield |
Bioterrorism, the intentional release of biological pathogens, is distinct from other forms of terrorism in several important ways. This article details the differences that set bioterrorism apart, and discusses a number of implications for foreign policy decision makers, who ideally should be involved in planning for both the prevention of and response to bioterrorism. |
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Subjectivity of Intelligence Analysis and Implications for the U.S. National Security Strategy |
by Kevin Russell |
The language used to describe intelligence estimates as objective reflections of available evidence has led to a misunderstanding of the role of intelligence in supporting the decision to go to war in Iraq. Saying that the estimate that identified the threat was either "right" or "wrong" ignores the probabilistic nature of intelligence assessments and the necessary subjective elements that make them useful to policymakers. |
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Reviews |
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Shock and Awe: Analyzing the War in Iraq |
by Thomas G. Mahnken |
review of Robert Scales' The Iraq War |
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The Great Equalizer |
by Kerry M. Kartchner |
review of Scott D. Sagan and Kenneth N. Waltz's The Spread of Nuclear Weapons |
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Intelligence and the Cold War |
by Jerome Elie |
review of Richard Aldrich's The Hidden Hand: Britain, America and the Cold War Secret Intelligence |
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Democracy in Africa: Women Need Not Apply? |
by Jeffrey Krilla |
review of essay collection No Shortcuts to Power: African Women in Politics and Policy Making |
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by John Windmueller |
review of Andreas Wegner and Daniel Moeckli's The Untapped Potential of the Business Sector |
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Whiteout |
by Randolph T. Baron |
review of Russell Crandall's Driven by Drugs: U.S. Policy Toward Colombia |
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Recent Books |
Tomicah Tillemann on Madeline Albrights' Memoir; Andreas Hipple on economic sanctions; Katherine Shafer on foreign aid and governance; and Scott Featherston on the founding of the United Nations |
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A compilation of the best books on intelligence, as suggested by this issue's contributing authors. |
